الأحقاف
The Wind-Curved Sandhills
Explanations are simplified from tafsirs by Ibn Kathir, Mufti Muhammad Shafi, and Maulana Wahiduddin Khan. Spot an inaccuracy? Let us know.
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
hha-meem
Ḥā, Meem.
tanzīlu l-kitābi mina l-lahi l-ʿazīzi l-ḥakīmi
The revelation of the Book is from Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
mā khalaqnā l-samāwāti wal-arḍa wamā baynahumā illā bil-ḥaqi wa-ajalin musamman wa-alladhīna kafarū ʿammā undhirū muʿ'riḍūna
We did not create the heavens and earth and what is between them except in truth and [for] a specified term. But those who disbelieve, from that of which they are warned, are turning away.
qul ara-aytum mā tadʿūna min dūni l-lahi arūnī mādhā khalaqū mina l-arḍi am lahum shir'kun fī l-samāwāti i'tūnī bikitābin min qabli hādhā aw athāratin min ʿil'min in kuntum ṣādiqīna
Say, [O Muḥammad], "Have you considered that which you invoke besides Allāh? Show me what they have created of the earth; or did they have partnership in [creation of] the heavens? Bring me a scripture [revealed] before this or a [remaining] trace of knowledge, if you should be truthful."
waman aḍallu mimman yadʿū min dūni l-lahi man lā yastajību lahu ilā yawmi l-qiyāmati wahum ʿan duʿāihim ghāfilūna
And who is more astray than he who invokes besides Allāh those who will not respond to him until the Day of Resurrection [i.e., never], and they, of their invocation, are unaware.
wa-idhā ḥushira l-nāsu kānū lahum aʿdāan wakānū biʿibādatihim kāfirīna
And when the people are gathered [that Day], they [who were invoked] will be enemies to them, and they will be deniers of their worship.
wa-idhā tut'lā ʿalayhim āyātunā bayyinātin qāla alladhīna kafarū lil'ḥaqqi lammā jāahum hādhā siḥ'run mubīnun
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, those who disbelieve say of the truth when it has come to them, "This is obvious magic."
am yaqūlūna if'tarāhu qul ini if'taraytuhu falā tamlikūna lī mina l-lahi shayan huwa aʿlamu bimā tufīḍūna fīhi kafā bihi shahīdan baynī wabaynakum wahuwa l-ghafūru l-raḥīmu
Or do they say, "He has invented it"? Say, "If I have invented it, you will not possess for me [the power of protection] from Allāh at all. He is most knowing of that in which you are involved. Sufficient is He as Witness between me and you, and He is the Forgiving, the Merciful."
qul mā kuntu bid'ʿan mina l-rusuli wamā adrī mā yuf'ʿalu bī walā bikum in attabiʿu illā mā yūḥā ilayya wamā anā illā nadhīrun mubīnun
Say, "I am not something original among the messengers, nor do I know what will be done with me or with you. I only follow that which is revealed to me, and I am not but a clear warner."
qul ara-aytum in kāna min ʿindi l-lahi wakafartum bihi washahida shāhidun min banī is'rāīla ʿalā mith'lihi faāmana wa-is'takbartum inna l-laha lā yahdī l-qawma l-ẓālimīna
Say, "Have you considered: if it [i.e., the Qur’ān] was from Allāh, and you disbelieved in it while a witness from the Children of Israel has testified to something similar and believed while you were arrogant...?" Indeed, Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people.
waqāla alladhīna kafarū lilladhīna āmanū law kāna khayran mā sabaqūnā ilayhi wa-idh lam yahtadū bihi fasayaqūlūna hādhā if'kun qadīmun
And those who disbelieve say of those who believe, "If it had [truly] been good, they would not have preceded us to it." And when they are not guided by it, they will say, "This is an ancient falsehood."
wamin qablihi kitābu mūsā imāman waraḥmatan wahādhā kitābun muṣaddiqun lisānan ʿarabiyyan liyundhira alladhīna ẓalamū wabush'rā lil'muḥ'sinīna
And before it was the scripture of Moses to lead and as a mercy. And this is a confirming Book in an Arabic tongue to warn those who have wronged and as good tidings to the doers of good.
inna alladhīna qālū rabbunā l-lahu thumma is'taqāmū falā khawfun ʿalayhim walā hum yaḥzanūna
Indeed, those who have said, "Our Lord is Allāh," and then remained on a right course - there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
ulāika aṣḥābu l-janati khālidīna fīhā jazāan bimā kānū yaʿmalūna
Those are the companions of Paradise, abiding eternally therein as reward for what they used to do.
wawaṣṣaynā l-insāna biwālidayhi iḥ'sānan ḥamalathu ummuhu kur'han wawaḍaʿathu kur'han waḥamluhu wafiṣāluhu thalāthūna shahran ḥattā idhā balagha ashuddahu wabalagha arbaʿīna sanatan qāla rabbi awziʿ'nī an ashkura niʿ'mataka allatī anʿamta ʿalayya waʿalā wālidayya wa-an aʿmala ṣāliḥan tarḍāhu wa-aṣliḥ lī fī dhurriyyatī innī tub'tu ilayka wa-innī mina l-mus'limīna
And We have enjoined upon man, to his parents, good treatment. His mother carried him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship, and his gestation and weaning [period] is thirty months. [He grows] until, when he reaches maturity and reaches [the age of] forty years, he says, "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and to work righteousness of which You will approve and make righteous for me my offspring. Indeed, I have repented to You, and indeed, I am of the Muslims."
ulāika alladhīna nataqabbalu ʿanhum aḥsana mā ʿamilū wanatajāwazu ʿan sayyiātihim fī aṣḥābi l-janati waʿda l-ṣid'qi alladhī kānū yūʿadūna
Those are the ones from whom We will accept the best of what they did and overlook their misdeeds, [their being] among the companions of Paradise. [That is] the promise of truth which they had been promised.
wa-alladhī qāla liwālidayhi uffin lakumā ataʿidāninī an ukh'raja waqad khalati l-qurūnu min qablī wahumā yastaghīthāni l-laha waylaka āmin inna waʿda l-lahi ḥaqqun fayaqūlu mā hādhā illā asāṭīru l-awalīna
But one who says to his parents, "Uff to you; do you promise me that I will be brought forth [from the earth] when generations before me have already passed on [into oblivion]?" while they call to Allāh for help [and to their son], "Woe to you! Believe! Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth." But he says, "This is not but legends of the former peoples" -
ulāika alladhīna ḥaqqa ʿalayhimu l-qawlu fī umamin qad khalat min qablihim mina l-jini wal-insi innahum kānū khāsirīna
Those are the ones upon whom the word [i.e., decree] has come into effect, [who will be] among nations which had passed on before them of jinn and men. Indeed, they [all] were losers.
walikullin darajātun mimmā ʿamilū waliyuwaffiyahum aʿmālahum wahum lā yuẓ'lamūna
And for all there are degrees [of reward and punishment] for what they have done, and [it is] so that He may fully compensate them for their deeds, and they will not be wronged.
wayawma yuʿ'raḍu alladhīna kafarū ʿalā l-nāri adhhabtum ṭayyibātikum fī ḥayātikumu l-dun'yā wa-is'tamtaʿtum bihā fal-yawma tuj'zawna ʿadhāba l-hūni bimā kuntum tastakbirūna fī l-arḍi bighayri l-ḥaqi wabimā kuntum tafsuqūna
And the Day those who disbelieved are exposed to the Fire [it will be said], "You exhausted your pleasures during your worldly life and enjoyed them, so this Day you will be awarded the punishment of [extreme] humiliation because you were arrogant upon the earth without right and because you were defiantly disobedient."
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