الروم
The Romans
Explanations are simplified from tafsirs by Ibn Kathir, Mufti Muhammad Shafi, and Maulana Wahiduddin Khan. Spot an inaccuracy? Let us know.
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
alif-lam-meem
Alif, Lām, Meem.
ghulibati l-rūmu
The Byzantines have been defeated
fī adnā l-arḍi wahum min baʿdi ghalabihim sayaghlibūna
In the nearest land. But they, after their defeat, will overcome
fī biḍ'ʿi sinīna lillahi l-amru min qablu wamin baʿdu wayawma-idhin yafraḥu l-mu'minūna
Within three to nine years. To Allāh belongs the command [i.e., decree] before and after. And that day the believers will rejoice
binaṣri l-lahi yanṣuru man yashāu wahuwa l-ʿazīzu l-raḥīmu
In the victory of Allāh. He gives victory to whom He wills, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.
waʿda l-lahi lā yukh'lifu l-lahu waʿdahu walākinna akthara l-nāsi lā yaʿlamūna
[It is] the promise of Allāh. Allāh does not fail in His promise, but most of the people do not know.
yaʿlamūna ẓāhiran mina l-ḥayati l-dun'yā wahum ʿani l-ākhirati hum ghāfilūna
They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware.
awalam yatafakkarū fī anfusihim mā khalaqa l-lahu l-samāwāti wal-arḍa wamā baynahumā illā bil-ḥaqi wa-ajalin musamman wa-inna kathīran mina l-nāsi biliqāi rabbihim lakāfirūna
Do they not contemplate within themselves? Allāh has not created the heavens and the earth and what is between them except in truth and for a specified term. And indeed, many of the people, in the meeting with their Lord, are disbelievers.
awalam yasīrū fī l-arḍi fayanẓurū kayfa kāna ʿāqibatu alladhīna min qablihim kānū ashadda min'hum quwwatan wa-athārū l-arḍa waʿamarūhā akthara mimmā ʿamarūhā wajāathum rusuluhum bil-bayināti famā kāna l-lahu liyaẓlimahum walākin kānū anfusahum yaẓlimūna
Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed [or excavated] the earth and built it up more than they [i.e., the Makkans] have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allāh would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.
thumma kāna ʿāqibata alladhīna asāū l-sūā an kadhabū biāyāti l-lahi wakānū bihā yastahziūna
Then the end of those who did evil was the worst [consequence] because they denied the signs of Allāh and used to ridicule them.
al-lahu yabda-u l-khalqa thumma yuʿīduhu thumma ilayhi tur'jaʿūna
Allāh begins creation; then He will repeat it; then to Him you will be returned.
wayawma taqūmu l-sāʿatu yub'lisu l-muj'rimūna
And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair.
walam yakun lahum min shurakāihim shufaʿāu wakānū bishurakāihim kāfirīna
And there will not be for them among their [alleged] partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.
wayawma taqūmu l-sāʿatu yawma-idhin yatafarraqūna
And the Day the Hour appears - that Day they will become separated.
fa-ammā alladhīna āmanū waʿamilū l-ṣāliḥāti fahum fī rawḍatin yuḥ'barūna
And as for those who had believed and done righteous deeds, they will be in a garden [of Paradise], delighted.
wa-ammā alladhīna kafarū wakadhabū biāyātinā waliqāi l-ākhirati fa-ulāika fī l-ʿadhābi muḥ'ḍarūna
But as for those who disbelieved and denied Our verses and the meeting of the Hereafter, those will be brought into the punishment [to remain].
fasub'ḥāna l-lahi ḥīna tum'sūna waḥīna tuṣ'biḥūna
So exalted is Allāh when you reach the evening and when you reach the morning.
walahu l-ḥamdu fī l-samāwāti wal-arḍi waʿashiyyan waḥīna tuẓ'hirūna
And to Him is [due all] praise throughout the heavens and the earth. And [exalted is He] at night and when you are at noon.
yukh'riju l-ḥaya mina l-mayiti wayukh'riju l-mayita mina l-ḥayi wayuḥ'yī l-arḍa baʿda mawtihā wakadhālika tukh'rajūna
He brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living and brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. And thus will you be brought out.
wamin āyātihi an khalaqakum min turābin thumma idhā antum basharun tantashirūna
And of His signs is that He created you from dust; then, suddenly you were human beings dispersing [throughout the earth].
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