Surah Ar-Rum, Ayah 41-60 — Word by Word
الروم
The Romans
Explanations are simplified from tafsirs by Ibn Kathir, Mufti Muhammad Shafi, and Maulana Wahiduddin Khan. Spot an inaccuracy? Let us know.
ẓahara l-fasādu fī l-bari wal-baḥri bimā kasabat aydī l-nāsi liyudhīqahum baʿḍa alladhī ʿamilū laʿallahum yarjiʿūna
Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He [i.e., Allāh] may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].
qul sīrū fī l-arḍi fa-unẓurū kayfa kāna ʿāqibatu alladhīna min qablu kāna aktharuhum mush'rikīna
Say, [O Muḥammad], "Travel through the land and observe how was the end of those before. Most of them were associators [of others with Allāh].
fa-aqim wajhaka lilddīni l-qayimi min qabli an yatiya yawmun lā maradda lahu mina l-lahi yawma-idhin yaṣṣaddaʿūna
So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the correct religion before a Day comes from Allāh of which there is no repelling. That Day, they will be divided.
man kafara faʿalayhi kuf'ruhu waman ʿamila ṣāliḥan fali-anfusihim yamhadūna
Whoever disbelieves - upon him is [the consequence of] his disbelief. And whoever does righteousness - they are for themselves preparing,
liyajziya alladhīna āmanū waʿamilū l-ṣāliḥāti min faḍlihi innahu lā yuḥibbu l-kāfirīna
That He may reward those who have believed and done righteous deeds out of His bounty. Indeed, He does not like the disbelievers.
wamin āyātihi an yur'sila l-riyāḥa mubashirātin waliyudhīqakum min raḥmatihi walitajriya l-ful'ku bi-amrihi walitabtaghū min faḍlihi walaʿallakum tashkurūna
And of His signs is that He sends the winds as bringers of good tidings and to let you taste His mercy [i.e., rain] and so the ships may sail at His command and so you may seek of His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.
walaqad arsalnā min qablika rusulan ilā qawmihim fajāūhum bil-bayināti fa-intaqamnā mina alladhīna ajramū wakāna ḥaqqan ʿalaynā naṣru l-mu'minīna
And We have already sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear evidences; then We took retribution from those who committed crimes, and incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.
al-lahu alladhī yur'silu l-riyāḥa fatuthīru saḥāban fayabsuṭuhu fī l-samāi kayfa yashāu wayajʿaluhu kisafan fatarā l-wadqa yakhruju min khilālihi fa-idhā aṣāba bihi man yashāu min ʿibādihi idhā hum yastabshirūna
It is Allāh who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds and spread them in the sky however He wills, and He makes them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them. And when He causes it to fall upon whom He wills of His servants, immediately they rejoice
wa-in kānū min qabli an yunazzala ʿalayhim min qablihi lamub'lisīna
Although they were, before it was sent down upon them - before that, in despair.
fa-unẓur ilā āthāri raḥmati l-lahi kayfa yuḥ'yī l-arḍa baʿda mawtihā inna dhālika lamuḥ'yī l-mawtā wahuwa ʿalā kulli shayin qadīrun
So observe the effects of the mercy of Allāh - how He gives life to the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed, that [same one] will give life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.
wala-in arsalnā rīḥan fara-awhu muṣ'farran laẓallū min baʿdihi yakfurūna
But if We should send a [bad] wind and they saw [their crops] turned yellow, they would remain thereafter disbelievers.
fa-innaka lā tus'miʿu l-mawtā walā tus'miʿu l-ṣuma l-duʿāa idhā wallaw mud'birīna
So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.
wamā anta bihādi l-ʿum'yi ʿan ḍalālatihim in tus'miʿu illā man yu'minu biāyātinā fahum mus'limūna
And you cannot guide the blind away from their error. You will only make hear those who believe in Our verses so they are Muslims [in submission to Allāh].
al-lahu alladhī khalaqakum min ḍaʿfin thumma jaʿala min baʿdi ḍaʿfin quwwatan thumma jaʿala min baʿdi quwwatin ḍaʿfan washaybatan yakhluqu mā yashāu wahuwa l-ʿalīmu l-qadīru
Allāh is the one who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness and white hair. He creates what He wills, and He is the Knowing, the Competent.
wayawma taqūmu l-sāʿatu yuq'simu l-muj'rimūna mā labithū ghayra sāʿatin kadhālika kānū yu'fakūna
And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will swear they had remained but an hour. Thus they were deluded.
waqāla alladhīna ūtū l-ʿil'ma wal-īmāna laqad labith'tum fī kitābi l-lahi ilā yawmi l-baʿthi fahādhā yawmu l-baʿthi walākinnakum kuntum lā taʿlamūna
But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, "You remained the extent of Allāh's decree until the Day of Resurrection, and this is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not used to know."
fayawma-idhin lā yanfaʿu alladhīna ẓalamū maʿdhiratuhum walā hum yus'taʿtabūna
So that Day, their excuse will not benefit those who wronged, nor will they be asked to appease [Allāh].
walaqad ḍarabnā lilnnāsi fī hādhā l-qur'āni min kulli mathalin wala-in ji'tahum biāyatin layaqūlanna alladhīna kafarū in antum illā mub'ṭilūna
And We have certainly presented to the people in this Qur’ān from every [kind of] example. But, [O Muḥammad], if you should bring them a sign, the disbelievers will surely say, "You [believers] are but falsifiers."
kadhālika yaṭbaʿu l-lahu ʿalā qulūbi alladhīna lā yaʿlamūna
Thus does Allāh seal the hearts of those who do not know.
fa-iṣ'bir inna waʿda l-lahi ḥaqqun walā yastakhiffannaka alladhīna lā yūqinūna
So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth. And let them not disquiet you who are not certain [in faith].